Knowledge thread
The stories and information posted here are artistic works of fiction and falsehood.
Only a fool would take anything posted here as fact.
Only a fool would take anything posted here as fact.
Knowledge thread
>>694309256
Nice mustard gas
>>694309626
Why don't they execute crims like this?
GODDHAM my Fiji water spilled all over my keyboard at least it got out all the Dorito dust rip my aethistic one
>>694309878
Loved doing this as a kid
Happy Days with Grandad
>>694310200
Ken Dodd detected
>>694309878
Forgot how to do these.
>>694309878
All in all this is a surprising amount of fun, my mates and I still do it from time to time..
>>694310632
Yeah, nothing better than inhaling chlorine gas.
>>694309878
Bleach + ammonia = chlorine gas, don't do it kids!
anyone got that rum slushie one?
That crystal thing killed my little brother
>>694311135
>>694311159
>>694311173
Do you have to live so relentlessly in the real world?
>>694311173
WHY IS THIS NOT IN MORE FUCKING TEXTBOOKS. I want to kill myself that I had to learn from fucking 4chan what a matrix actually fucking does.
>>694309626
dont waste helium, its not renewable.
>>694311491
Do you have to be such a contemptible nigger?
>>694311173
>>694311159
>>694311135
I demand you stop this faggotry at once!
>>694311748
Sticks and stones may break my bones but words will never hurt me
>>694309256
you know, this is meant to trick some idiots into killing themselves, but in reality, wouldn't this make a kick ass chlorine grenade?
>>694311696
Can be produced but very very inefficiently
make food great agin
>>694312132
no, it really does make smoke. just dont spill it on yourself.
Lol the ammonia and bleach shit is for kids under five. I like to play with pottassium cyanide and any weak acid I can find (use low concentation stuff, you don't want to hurt yourself. Use pipe cleaner for example). Mix it up, and get a bubblemaker. Colorful bubbles with a nice scent!
>>694312184
Its all crooked and written in typey text so this MUST be legit
>>694312235
how do they know how painful blowing your head off is?
To get the most out of this image, recall all of these measures are with respect to this particular angle
>>694312235
>seppuku
>15 minutes
>51% lethality
>bitches don't know about 介錯 or seppuku assistant, who instantly beheads you with another sword after you cut open your stomach to end your suffering
>>694312132
its bleach and ammonia that makes chlorine gas. thats usually what the "blowing crystals" meme is.
>>694310086
Helium is
>>694312428
99%
>>1% lived to tell the tale with half a smile.
>>694312513
I bet chicks love it when you show 'em how easily your katana slices paper
>>694312430
Nigga thats the millennium falcon
>>694312287
< this happy looking guy approves
>>694312692
then the pain they described would be from not blowing your head off. how do they know how painful the 99% was?
>>694309256
To make a smoke bomb you need sugar and Potassium nitrate i think
>>694311431
lol really?
>>694311159
Its a lie. What it really does is wash the pennies till they're shiny. The co accelarates the process.
>>694313054
Thats for one that uses a fuze.
>>694312576
readable version
>>694314449
its only half the page.
i hadnt noticed.
cant find a good version but would like one
>>694311839
that's the most retarded thing I've ever seen
any drug related?
>>694309878
>bleach
>ammonia
>>694314849
i thought it was cool.
i saved
currently accepted model of enzyme-mediated dna replication
Hows about some usefull shit
>>694315760
so you wanna be a double nigger and cut off the top of a clasic
>>694311839
Literally what autist did this fucking sad mess
>>69431596 so you wanna be a double nigger and blame someone who dont got the top ?
The images are called "infographs" so this would be an infograph thread.
>>694312156
which makes it non-renewable
>>694309256
>smoke
lmfao
>>694309878
Don't ever do this
>>694315830
the fuck are crocodile clips??
>>694316399
dont be this faggot.
this one actually works.
look it the fuck up for once
have a nice day
>>694312768
the fact that there are still people that give their dogs bones and antlers is astounding
>>694316571
here ya go
>>694313155
>how-to-get-the-location-of-the-ISP.bmp
>>694311173
That helps with MATLAB a bit
>>694316749
oh i see
>>694316834
wow even though i knew it wasnt true, i definitely did
>>694311839
no steam controller?
>>694311491
Yes jez
>>694310200
This is Fa Kin Su Pah!!!!! xD
>>694312132
It actually makes ammonium chloride
>>694316458
Thanks, Dad.
>>694316749
all I see are alligator clips.
>>694312173
Stay fat 'murica
>>694317840
>mortar and pestle
>giant pieces in the bottle
somebody did it wrong
>>694317856
Alligator clips have a U shaped mouth, while crocodile clips have more of a V shape. Also, you can use crocodile clips in salt water, but alligator clips can only be used in fresh water.
>>694318386
sharks came before fish?
ya okay
anyone having that Picture with sodium Cyanide ?
>>694317852
wow that's actually kind of neat
>>694316695
really? my dog has had it fine for the last nine years... well not really, last year its gotten more lazy and such, will probably die soon.
>>694318602
>says the terrorist
>>694318544
you do know that sharks arent fish, right?
>>694318292
one hole crikey/ritemate
>>694318544
Not sure if trolling...
>>694318544
They did you stupid faggot
LOL u all re little babies watch this
https://www.dropbox.com/sh/gy7wfzj4ytwo5ap/AACompWU3ipgo1E5dgighIKJa?dl=0
>>694318693
it's pretty much playing russian roulette with your dog's insides
>>694318728
Problem ?
>>694318212
did you mean to link to >>694317852
?
>>694318639
Yea but i cant imagine what you would season with it
>>694318848
no ahkeem. i sorry.
>>694318895
perhaps
>>694318772
explain
www.mylifebelgrade.blogspot.com
>>694309256
Can you get high on natural/lighter gas ?
>>694312513
I actually was going to post this.
Quantum physicist here ask me anything about physics.
>>694319013
sharks dont have bones, they have cartilage. according to google "People are more closely related to salamanders than sharks to bony fish."
>>694315830
I've actually been needing this. Thanks.
>>694315510
>cover these tiny animals with something sweet for a sweet treat
I would slap the author of this statement,
>>694319450
but they are fish. they came after fish.
>>694319216
get out nigger
>>694319450
>>694319013
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondrichthyes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteichthyes
>>694319216
I didn't really understood the Heisenberg uncertainty principal, could you explain?
>>694319216
how long till commercial teleportation is cheep and compact enough for my coffee cup to refill itself
anyone know if there is any credence to the breaking bad scene where he made that explosive fake meth? what chemical reaction was that? was it legit?
>>694314336
Don't do it, this creates nerve gas!
>>694319762
>asking the important questions
>>694312235
>>694309626 These should be number one.
The more you know...
>>694319146
Yes, but it is incredibly dangerous. One spark and your lungs explode.
>>694319762
Not the same anon, but basically light exists as a wave when you know how fast its going, or as a particle if you know its exact position. You can never know both.
I'm so tired of all of these drug posts.
The only drug worth anything is LSD.
Bud is fucking stupid because no matter how good you think you are on it, it fucks with your memory and fogs you out. Yeah it's fun if you're in your early 20's but once you're 25 and brag about the fact that you "burn errday" you're a dumbass.
MDMA is fun if you're in your early 20's. If you're still raving after 25 you're a fucking moron. Get a job and find a real hobby idiot.
Mushrooms are okay I guess.
Alcohol is bullshit in large quantities. It's fun if you're in your early 20's but otherwise if you're drinking heavy often and you're >25 you're a dumbass.
Any other drug is stupid.
TL;DR Half of you need to grow the fuck up; You're too old for this shit.
>>694319613
im not gonna spend the time on this with you mate, just google "difference between sharks and fish" and you will find everything you need extremely quickly. you could even argue that fish are just types of shark
>>694320102
Why exactly you cant know both, Im not 100% on tho.
>>694319762
There is fluctuations at the quantum level, these fluctuations can't be observed directly thus makes the locations of things like electrons nearly impossible.
Imagine the ocean and a ball floating in it. If you can't observe the motion of the water you can't say for sure where the ball will be.
>>694314456
dont do this it creates chlorine gas
>>694320364
Oh fuck, I need t
>>694320364
and even worse you get scampi
>>694311135
It's mostly chloramines.
Moron.
>>694320167
Expand my mind, senpai
>>694320167
>it fucks with your memory and fogs you out.
clearly based on solid scientific studies
>>694319912
http://breakingbad.wikia.com/wiki/Fulminated_mercury
that should get you started, i didnt read it and i dont know if the breaking bad wiki is an accurate source.
>>694316695
Well I hate my wife's dog, and would be happy if it died. Astound my ass.
Hey guys this lolpervs video doesn't have enough dislikes. let's change that
/watch?v=xJi6DswqbqU
>>694320167
My god, you might actually be fucking retarded.
>>694319216
can you surf on gravity waves
>>694320167
Theres yet to be any seriously conclusive long term effects of pot, and Id argue it has its uses, both medical and for relaxation/destressing.
Also
>disregarding DMT
Its literally enlightenment in powder form.
>>694315830
Just buy a GSM module off of eBay, put a simcard in, use RI output line and an amplifier (transistors / mosfets) to boost output and some nickel-chromium wire to ignite whatever you want to ignite.
>>694312235
This chart is complete fucking bullshit.
Shotgun to the head?
99% lethality? Sure, I've seen some examples of people who survived such an ordeal, but they shot at an angle that allowed for face to be blown off that left brain intact. E.g shot from neck up.
Duration 1.72 minutes
Why 1.72. Why not 1.70 or 1.73?
Why exactly 1.72? That's 103.2 seconds according to my quick calculation. 103 point 2 seconds.
How in the fuck did they manage to find this number, or all these numbers to begin with?
I call bullshit on the account that all these numbers are trying too hard to be accurate and reveal their true nature of being based on absolutely nothing whatsoever.
Fuck damn it I hate infographs like this.
And people believe this shit
>>694319216
how do i make the best cakes
>>694320167
ask and you shall receive but being a demigod teir dickcheese connoisseur doing it is unnecessary
>>694320633
Just google the long term effects on memory caused by marijuana usage. It's a real thing stop thinking that it's some psychobabble bullshit. Bud Has lasting effects on the brain and it's been proven.
Second scholarly article on Google. Too lazy to find the definitive one that shows that it has long term effects on brain development and cognitive function.
If there's anything that annoys me more than people bragging about smoking weed after a certain age it's idiots thinking that it doesn't actually have any lasting effects AT ANY AGE.
>>694320090
But whats the chance of brain damage compared to death?
Op guide to cork soaking
>>694320907
they took an average?
but yeah i get your point
with gov.t confiscating weaps it would be nice to know how to build a pistol or assault rifle.
>>694314108
I've never been much on crops so I can't really attest to the feasibility of that, but I grew up and now run a dairy farm and that is not enough land to manage a cow and several pigs.
A quarter acre will get turned to mud so fucking quick with any ungulate on it outside of summer. And when that happens you're not growing enough for even basic grazing. A stressed animal doesn't put on weight and cows won't make milk so now they're pretty much worthless. So now you need hay and a place to store it, which you don't have room for. Let alone room for a barn so you can keep your livestock warm and dry during the winter.
Based on that alone, I'd assume the rest is some hippy pipe dream who made a nice picture but has no fucking clue how this shit works.
>>694309256
Pretty sure that would be more like tear gas.
>>694310086
Watched a doc on this a while back and at the end the presenter was asking some dude who was in charge of all executions in a state in the US why they didn't use helium to execute people and he said it's cos criminals deserve to suffer a bit. The presenters name was Michael portillo I think it was a good documentary.
>>694309626
Nitrogen also works, and you get high.
>>694309256
>mobile poster trying to get summerkiddies to kill themselves again
Your family proud of you yet?
Hey /b/ros im poor and wont eat this week without some money, donate to me paypal: [email protected]
>>694309256
I like knowledge, info, infograph threads. Have my folder:
https://mega.nz/#F!voRR2DAQ
I'd appreciate if people would post their info folders as well, I am sure there are things I don't have.
>>694319216
Sheldon you fucking cunt you are supposed to be sleeping !
>>694318839
not really no
parents gave bones to all thair dogs too, no problems.
bit carefull about chicken bones though
>>694322526
Different chemicals survive different temperatures
Are you going to say nicotine isnt a problem because combusted substance?
>>694322526
So?
Besides, cannabis oil isn't just smoked. It can be consumed, drank, topically applied, even vaped.
>>694322526
*vape/dab
*edible-food/drink/candy/health snacks/pills/breathstrips
*topical-cream for skin/lube/bath bombs
capcha cookies
>>694318825
woah.
>>694315034
This desu.
>>694319947
>weapons would be useless
Okay
>>694311173
I always felt like this was a stupid puzzle with how they organize this shit.
test
>>694324010
Brisbane to Miami tunnel would be sweet
possibly Hawaii to Madagascar could be sweet be able to knock all that shit out in one vacation
>>694319912
Yes, mercury fulminate is explosive and pressure sensitive. It was once used as a primer in old ammunition. But, 1) that fingerful of fulminate that Walt exploded shouldn't have made as large an explosion as it did, 2) An explosion large enough to blow out the windows that violently should have given Walt more than just a bloody nose, and 3) I have no idea why Walt thought this was a good idea; Tuco would have known something was very, very wrong if, by chance, he decided to try and crush up and snort the fulminate.
Still a good TV show, though.
>>694316834
Knew this was false without checking just because of WASD
>>694315282
Sources?
>>694320201
thanks for nothing, everything I found with that google search indicated to me that sharks are indeed fish
>>694317166
seems to me like you're making bricks, friendo.
>>694321131
My uncle been smoking weed for 50+ and he can recall his childhood like a hawk. I met people who never smoked before and they had trouble remembering their name. Your theory is based on isolated cases, weed affects everyone differently especially people who are already prone to memory lose.
>>694324974
sorry my biology textbook is at my apartment, but any beginner college-level textbook will have consistent information about how we currently understand DNA replication
but if you're wondering who published the animation originally, it was the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
>>694319216
I know how to create antigravity, do you?
>>694325413
>he can recall his childhood like a hawk.
is this a real phrase?
>>694324010
So you're saying Ill never ACTUALLY make it to China?
>>694325930
what in the name of clusterfuck is this
>>694321131
Outdated articles that have been thrown out in light of new evidence. You should smoke some grass, might make you less of an asshole.
>>694325831
By increasing quantum entanglement.
>Entanglement is gravity at the quantum level.
>>694325890
You could get from context its not like a seagul or a pidgeon
>>694326084
then why not like
>he can recall his childhood like a falcon/eagle
>>694320775
No, gravity waves are ripples not waves like the ocean.
Also they are smaller then a proton.
>>694320909
Get someone else to make it.
>>694320775
depends on what your board is made out of
>>694322526
you have instantaneous access to anything that falls within the total sum of human knowledge with but a few keystrokes. there is no excuse for being this retarded.
>>694326306
this is a good insult
>>694326122
>>694320102
Nope, photons are particles that create wakes in the higgs field. This is how they get their mass.
>>694325413
aanecdotal evidence is not always representative
>>694325413
Affects everyone different and you're just talking about anecdotal evidence. I highly doubt anyone can recall their childhood memory "like a hawk" unless they're fucking autistic. In fact, it's been proven that people who smoke weed in large amounts over a large period of time generally get their short term memory back. However the trade off is the permanent loss of a few IQ points once you reach that point.
Stop trying to beat empirical evidence with your anecdotal shit; that's how anti-vaxxers started in the first place. Weed is fun when you're in your early twenties but if you're still doing it to "have fun" later on in your life then your life is shit to begin with.
>>694326184
They're all in the same family
>>694326016
>MUSIC
I once saw a chart of music keys that was much like this, does anyone have?
Also, anything on genres, or anything else music would be great
>>694325413
Like a hawk!?
>>694309256
Yeah I'm not falling for that and it turns out to be an explosive
>>694326646
but some are better than others.
woah is that racist to think? That some birds are better than others?
>>694326779
This is for general info and fun.
Dont you think if you were to ever make this, youd want to do a bit more reseach than an img on 4chan?
Fucking idiot
>>694312132
exactly!
Just chuck this at some twat and watch their respiratory system get fucked
>>694318825
i guess you got a few of those tutorials from the deep web ?
>>694326807
How are birds of prey not the superior white race of the birds?
>>694326084
Pigeons have good memory in a way. Think of homing pigeons. That sounds like a better analogy to me.
>>694326807
Race=Species
Race=/=Genus
>Not racist
Stupidjokes.jpg
>>694309754
Not mustard gas actually creates white smoke. Mustard gas uses sulfur and something else
>>694319216
does physics apply to me?
because i dont want them to
>>694327412
Physics is the description of the universe, so even if you are in an alternate dimension completely different then ours you will still have some form of physics.
>>694327136
birds of prey are more akin to niggers tbh
corvids such as magpies, crows, etc. think with numbers, have surprisingly good problem solving abilities (at or above the level of chimpanzees) and create purpose-built tools. they are the true master bird race
>>694318544
Chondrichthyes
>>694312173
Pretty glad to see that dumbshits are removing themselves from the gene pool through cholesterol excess.
So whats up with the old Anarchists cookbook? I've never seen or heard of it on here. Like, at all which is surprising giving the fucks you guys are
>>694327734
>>694327136
whereas the most intelligent things most birds of prey tend to do is hunt socially. occasionally you will see tool use but not tool construction. all brawn, no brain.
I saw a bald eagle eating a fucking battery once. fuckin niggers
>>694325930
Where are microwaves on the scale?
>>694322526
>your
Shit-tier bait lad
>>694311159
>>694316458
I miss the old /b/ summerfag like this are cancer
>>694327734
>>694327159
>>694327136
God, you guys are fucking stupid, lurk moar faggots
Theres a thing called evolutionary fitness, and its described "either with respect to a genotype or to a phenotype in a given environment"
Killing things doesnt make you better, sometimes its being able to hide. Everything WITHIN context, faggots
>>694311904
Funny story in GA it's an arrestable offense(tho usually not enforced unless some drunk dad is being a dick to everyone including the police) to swear in front of anyone under 13
>>694328065
anarchist's cookbook is overrated tbh, its only redeeming quality is variety
never half-ass two things, whole-ass one thing. Anarchist Cookbook gives you tons of novelty, Uncle Fester's books are what the big boys read.
>>694328697
>Big boys
>Uncle Fester
>>694317852
You fuckers really eat the worst things ever.
>>694328697
yeah with less people using POTS, the beige box is kind of pointless now
>>694328108
would be between radio and infra-red
>>694326016
"Quick reference sheet for designers".
If you're a designer and you need to look at this you're not in the right job.
>>694328065
Everyone has, plus it's in americanese, so is a pain in the arse for people that don't come from that country. Fucking saltpeter
>>694322794
His "point" is that you'd still be inhaling smoke.
>>10. Thermite II by Jolly Roger
Thermite is nasty shit. Here is a good and easy way to make it. The first step is to get some iron-oxide (which is RUST!). Here is a good way to make large quantities in a short time:
⦁ Get a DC converter like the one used on a train set. Cut the connector off, separate the wires, and strip them both.
⦁ Now you need a jar of water with a tablespoon or so of sodium chloride (which is SALT!) added to it. This makes the water conductive.
⦁ Now insert both wires into the mixture (I am assuming you plugged the converter in...) and let them sit for five minutes. One of them will start bubbling more than the other. This is the POSITIVE(+) wire. If you do not do this test right, the final product will be the opposite (chemically) of rust, which is RUST ACID. You have no use for this here (although it IS useful!).
⦁ Anyway, put the nail tied to the positive wire into the jar. Now put the negative wire in the other end. Now let it sit overnight and in the morning scrape the rust off of the nail & repeat until you got a bunch of rust on the bottom of the glass. Be generous with your rust collection. If you are going through the trouble of making thermite, you might as well make a lot, right?
⦁ Now remove the excess water and pour the crusty solution onto a cookie sheet. Dry it in the sun for a few hours, or inside overnight. It should be an orange-brown color (although I have seen it in many different colors! Sometimes the color gets fucked up, what can I say... but it is still iron oxide!)
⦁ Crush the rust into a fine powder and heat it in a cast-iron pot until it is red. Now mix the pure iron oxide with pure aluminum filings which can be bought or filed down by hand from an aluminum tube or bar. The ratio or iron oxide to aluminum is 8 grams to 3 grams.
⦁ Congrats! You have just made THERMITE! Now, to light it...
>>cont.?
>>694328108
In between infrared and radio
>>694320082
If only niggers knew this
>>694330791
They'll never know
>>694326656
Refer to this -> >>694318825
There is a music section
>>694326578
Kek
Common salt is a mineral composed primarily of sodium chloride (NaCl), a chemical compound belonging to the larger class of salts; salt in its natural form as a crystalline mineral is known as rock salt or halite. Salt is present in vast quantities in seawater, where it is the main mineral constituent; the open ocean has about 35 grams (1.2 oz.) of solids per liter, a salinity of 3.5%. Salt is essential for animal life, and saltiness is one of the basic human tastes. The tissues of animals contain larger quantities of salt than do plant tissues; therefore the typical diets of nomads who subsist on their flocks and herds require little or no added salt, whereas cereal-based diets require supplementation. Salt is one of the oldest and most ubiquitous of food seasonings, and salting is an important method of food preservation. Some of the earliest evidence of salt processing dates to around 8,000 years ago, when people living in Romania were boiling spring water to extract the salts; a salt-works in China has been found which dates to approximately the same period. Salt was prized by the ancient Hebrews, the Greeks, the Romans, the Byzantines, the Hittites and the Egyptians. Salt became an important article of trade and was transported by boat across the Mediterranean Sea, along specially built salt roads, and across the Sahara in camel caravans. The scarcity and universal need for salt has led nations to go to war over salt and use it to raise tax revenues. Salt is also used in religious ceremonies and has other cultural significance. Salt is processed from salt mines, or by the evaporation of seawater (sea salt) or mineral-rich spring water in shallow pools. Its major industrial products are caustic soda and chlorine, and it is used in many industrial processes and in the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride, plastics, paper pulp and many other products. Of the annual production of around two hundred million tons of salt, only about 6% is used for human consumption;
other uses include water conditioning processes, de-icing highways and agricultural use. Edible salt is sold in forms such as sea salt and table salt which usually contains an anti-caking agent and may be iodized to prevent iodine deficiency. As well as its use in cooking and at the table, salt is present in many processed foods. Salt is an essential nutrient and the amount of salt in the diet influences health. Too much salt can raise blood pressure and may increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes in susceptible populations. The World Health Organization recommends that adults should consume less than 2,000 mg of sodium, equivalent to 5 grams of salt per day. Humans have always tended to build communities either around source of salt, or where they can trade for it. All through history the availability of salt has been pivotal to civilization. The word "salary" comes from the Latin word for salt because the Roman Legions were sometimes paid in salt, which was quite literally worth its weight in gold. In Britain, the suffix "-wich" in a place name means it was once a source of salt, as in Sandwich and Norwich. The Natron Valley was a key region that supported the Egyptian Empire to its north, because it supplied it with a kind of salt that came to be called by its name, natron. Even before this, what is now thought to have been the first city in Europe is Solnitsata, in Bulgaria, which was a salt mine, providing the area now known as the Balkans with salt since 5400 BC. Even the name Solnisata means "salt works". While people have used canning and artificial refrigeration to preserve food for the last hundred years or so, salt has been the best-known food preservative, especially for meat, for many thousands of years.
A very ancient salt-works operation has been discovered at the Poiana Slatinei archaeological site next to a salt spring in Lunca, Neamț County, Romania. Evidence indicates that Neolithic people of the Precucuteni Culture were boiling the salt-laden spring water through the process of briquetage to extract the salt as far back as 6050 BC. The salt extracted from this operation may have had a direct correlation to the rapid growth of this society's population soon after its initial production began. The harvest of salt from the surface of Xiechi Lake near Yuncheng in Shanxi, China, dates back to at least 6000 BC, making it one of the oldest verifiable salt works. There is more salt in animal tissues such as meat, blood and milk, than there is in plant tissues. Nomads who subsist on their flocks and herds do not eat salt with their food, but agriculturalists, feeding mainly on cereals and vegetable matter, need to supplement their diet with salt. With the spread of civilization, salt became one of the world's main trading commodities. It was of high value to the ancient Hebrews, the Greeks, the Romans, the Byzantines, the Hittites and other peoples of antiquity. In the Middle East, salt was used to ceremonially seal an agreement, and the ancient Hebrews made a "covenant of salt" with God and sprinkled salt on their offerings to show their trust in Him. An ancient practice in time of war was salting the earth: scattering salt around in a defeated city in order to prevent plant growth. Abimelech was ordered by God to do this at Shechem, and various texts claim that the Roman general Scipio Aemilianus Africanus ploughed over and sowed the city of Carthage with salt after it was defeated in the Third Punic War (146 BC).Salt may have been used for barter in connection with the obsidian trade in Anatolia in the Neolithic Era. Herodotus described salt trading routes across Libya back in the 5th century BC.
In the early years of the Roman Empire, roads such as the Via Salaria were built for the transportation of salt from the salt pans of Ostia to the capital. Salt was included among funeral offerings found in ancient Egyptian tombs from the third millennium BC, as were salted birds, and salt fish. From about 2800 BC, the Egyptians began exporting salt fish to the Phoenicians in return for Lebanon cedar, glass and the dye Tyrian purple; the Phoenicians traded Egyptian salt fish and salt from North Africa throughout their Mediterranean trade empire. In Africa, salt was used as currency south of the Sahara, and slabs of rock salt were used as coins in Abyssinia. Moorish merchants in the 6th century traded salt for gold, weight for weight. The Tuareg have traditionally maintained routes across the Sahara especially for the transportation of salt by Azalai (salt caravans). The caravans still cross the desert from southern Niger to Bilma, although much of the trade now takes place by truck. Each camel takes two bales of fodder and two of trade goods northwards and returns laden with salt pillars and dates. Salzburg, Hallstatt, and Hallein lie within 17 km (11 mi) of each other on the river Salzach in central Austria in an area with extensive salt deposits. Salzach literally means "salt river" and Salzburg "salt castle", both taking their names from the German word Salz meaning salt and Hallstatt was the site of the world's first salt mine. The town gave its name to the Hallstatt culture that began mining for salt in the area in about 800 BC. Around 400 BC, the townsfolk, who had previously used pickaxes and shovels, began open pan salt making. During the first millennium BC, Celtic communities grew rich trading salt and salted meat to Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome in exchange for wine and other luxuries. The word salary originates from Latin: salarium which referred to the money paid to the Roman Army's soldiers for the purchase of salt.
The word salad literally means "salted", and comes from the ancient Roman practice of salting leaf vegetables. Wars have been fought over salt. Venice fought and won a war with Genoa over the product, and it played an important part in the American Revolution. Cities on overland trade routes grew rich by levying duties, and towns like Liverpool flourished on the export of salt extracted from the salt mines of Cheshire. Various governments have at different times imposed salt taxes on their peoples.The voyages of Christopher Columbus are said to have been financed from salt production in southern Spain, and the oppressive salt tax in France was one of the causes of the French Revolution. After being repealed, this tax was reimposed by Napoleon when he became emperor to pay for his foreign wars, and was not finally abolished until 1945. In 1930, Mahatma Gandhi led at least 100,000 people on the "Dandi March" or "Salt Satyagraha", in which protesters made their own salt from the sea thus defying British rule and avoiding paying the salt tax. This civil disobedience inspired millions of common people, and elevated the Indian independence movement from an elitist movement to a national struggle. Salt is mostly sodium chloride, the ionic compound with the formula NaCl, representing equal proportions of sodium and chlorine. Sea salt and freshly mined salt (much of which is sea salt from prehistoric seas) also contain small amounts of trace elements (which in these small amounts are generally good for plant and animal health). Mined salt is often refined in the production of table salt; it is dissolved in water, purified via precipitation of other minerals out of solution, and re-evaporated. During this same refining process it is often also iodized. Salt crystals are translucent and cubic in shape; they normally appear white but impurities may give them a blue or purple tinge.
The molar mass of salt is 58.443 g/mol, its melting point is 801 °C (1,474 °F) and its boiling point 1,465 °C (2,669 °F). Its density is 2.17 grams per cubic centimeter and it is readily soluble in water. When dissolved in water it separates into Na+ and Cl− ions and the solubility is 359 grams per liter. From cold solutions, salt crystallizes as the dihydrate NaCl•2H2O. Solutions of sodium chloride have very different properties from those of pure water; the freezing point is −21.12 °C (−6.02 °F) for 23.31 wt% of salt, and the boiling point of saturated salt solution is around 108.7 °C (227.7 °F).Salt is essential to the health of people and animals and is used universally as a seasoning. It is used in cooking, is added to manufacture foodstuffs and is often present on the table at mealtimes for individuals to sprinkle on their own food. Saltiness is one of the five basic taste sensations. In many cuisines around the world, salt is used in cooking, and is often found in salt shakers on diners' eating tables for their personal use on food. Table salt is a refined salt containing about 97 to 99 percent sodium chloride. Usually, anticaking agents such as sodium aluminosilicate or magnesium carbonate are added to make it free-flowing. Iodized salt, containing potassium iodide, is widely available. Some people put a desiccant, such as a few grains of uncooked rice or a saltine cracker, in their salt shakers to absorb extra moisture and help break up salt clumps that may otherwise form. Some table salt sold for consumption contain additives which address a variety of health concerns, especially in the developing world.
The identities and amounts of additives vary widely from country to country. Iodine is an important micronutrient for humans, and a deficiency of the element can cause lowered production of thyroxine (hypothyroidism) and enlargement of the thyroid gland (endemic goitre) in adults or cretinism in children. Iodized salt has been used to correct these conditions since 1924 and consists of table salt mixed with a minute amount of potassium iodide, sodium iodide or sodium iodate. A small amount of dextrose may also be added to stabilize the iodine. Iodine deficiency affects about two billion people around the world and is the leading preventable cause of mental retardation. Iodized table salt has significantly reduced disorders of iodine deficiency in countries where it is used.The amount of iodine and the specific iodine compound added to salt varies from country to country. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends [21 CFR 101.9 (c) (8) (IV)] 150 micrograms of iodine per day for both men and women. US iodized salt contains 46–77 ppm (parts per million), whereas in the UK the iodine content of iodized salt is recommended to be 10–22 ppm. Sodium Ferro cyanide, also known as yellow prussiate of soda, is sometimes added to salt as an anticaking agent. The additive is considered safe for human consumption. Such anti-caking agents have been added since at least 1911 when magnesium carbonate was first added to salt to make it flow more freely. The safety of sodium Ferro cyanide as a food additive was found to be provisionally acceptable by the Committee on Toxicity in 1988. Other anticaking agents sometimes used include tricalcium phosphate, calcium or magnesium carbonates, fatty acid salts (acid salts), magnesium oxide, silicon dioxide, calcium silicate, sodium aluminosilicate and calcium aluminosilicate. Both the European Union and the United States Food and Drug Administration permitted the use of aluminum in the latter two compounds.
>>694322526
>Literally fucking this
Smoke is bad for your lungs no matter what. From an asthmatic who has bad lungs because of all the secondhand smoke from his asshole dad
>>694315413
Good read!
In "doubly fortified salt", both iodide and iron salts are added. The latter alleviates iron deficiency anaemia, which interferes with the mental development of an estimated 40% of infants in the developing world. A typical iron source is ferrous fumarate. Another additive, especially important for pregnant women, is folic acid (vitamin B9), which gives the table salt a yellow color. Folic acid helps prevent neural tube defects and anaemia, which affect young mothers, especially in developing countries. A lack of fluorine in the diet is the cause of a greatly increased incidence of dental caries. Fluoride salts can be added to table salt with the goal of reducing tooth decay, especially in countries that have not benefited from fluoridated toothpastes and fluoridated water. The practice is more common in some European countries where water fluoridation is not carried out. In France, 35% of the table salt sold contains added sodium fluoride. The manufacture of salt is one of the oldest chemical industries. A major source of salt is seawater, which has a salinity of approximately 3.5%. This means that there are about 35 grams (1.2 oz.) of dissolved salts, predominantly sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl−) ions, per kilogram (2.2 lbs) of water. The world's oceans are a virtually inexhaustible source of salt, and this abundance of supply means that reserves have not been calculated. The evaporation of seawater is the production method of choice in marine countries with high evaporation and low precipitation rates. Salt evaporation ponds are filled from the ocean and salt crystals can be harvested as the water dries up. Sometimes these ponds have vivid colors, as some species of algae and other micro-organisms thrive in conditions of high salinity. Elsewhere, salt is extracted from the vast sedimentary deposits which have been laid down over the millennia from the evaporation of seas and lakes.
These are either mined directly, producing rock salt, or are extracted in solution by pumping water into the deposit. In either case, the salt may be purified by mechanical evaporation of brine. Traditionally, this was done in shallow open pans which were heated to increase the rate of evaporation. More recently, the process is performed in pans under vacuum. The raw salt is refined to purify it and improve its storage and handling characteristics.This usually involves recrystallization during which a brine solution is treated with chemicals that precipitate most impurities (largely magnesium and calcium salts). Multiple stages of evaporation are then used to collect pure sodium chloride crystals, which are kiln-dried. Some salt is produced using the Alberger process, which involves vacuum pan evaporation combined with the seeding of the solution with cubic crystals, and produces a grainy-type flake. The Ayoreo, an indigenous group from the Paraguayan Chaco, obtain their salt from the ash produced by burning the timber of the Indian salt tree (Maytenus vitis-idaea) and other trees. One of the largest salt mining operations in the world is at the Khewra Salt Mine in Pakistan.
The mine has nineteen stories, eleven of which are underground, and 400 km (250 mi) of passages. The salt is dug out by the room and pillar method, where about half the material is left in place to support the upper levels. Extraction of Himalayan salt is expected to last 350 years at the present rate of extraction of around 385,000 tons per annum. In 2002, total world production (of sodium chloride in general, not just table salt) was estimated at 210 million tons, the top five producers being the United States (40.3 million tons), China (32.9), Germany (17.7), India (14.5) and Canada (12.3). During the period 2003 to 2008, global production of salt increased by 12% per year, and China took over as the largest producing nation as its chemical industry expanded. Food grade salt accounts for only a small part of salt production in industrialized countries (7% in Europe), although worldwide, food uses account for 17.5% of salt production.Salt has long held an important place in religion and culture. At the time of Brahmanic sacrifices, in Hittite rituals and during festivals held by Semites and Greeks at the time of the new moon, salt was thrown into a fire where it produced crackling noises. The ancient Egyptians, Greeks and Romans invoked their gods with offerings of salt and water and some people think this to be the origin of Holy Water in the Christian faith.
In Aztec mythology, Huixtocihuatl was a fertility goddess who presided over salt and salt water. In one of the hadiths recorded in Sunan Ibn Majah, the Islamic Prophet Muhammad is reported to have said that: "Salt is the master of your food. God sent down four blessings from the sky – fire, water, iron and salt". Salt is considered to be a very auspicious substance in Hinduism and is used in particular religious ceremonies like house-warmings and weddings. In Jainism, devotees lay an offering of raw rice with a pinch of salt before a deity to signify their devotion and salt is sprinkled on a person's cremated remains before the ashes are buried. Salt is believed to ward off evil spirits in Mahayana Buddhist tradition, and when returning home from a funeral, a pinch of salt is thrown over the left shoulder as this prevents evil spirits from entering the house. In Shinto, salt is used for ritual purification of locations and people (harae, specifically shubatsu), and small piles of salt are placed in dishes by the entrance of establishments for the two-fold purposes of warding off evil and attracting patrons. In the Hebrew Bible, there are thirty-five verses which mention salt. One of these is the story of Lot's wife, who was turned into a pillar of salt when she looked back at the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah (Genesis 19:26) as they were destroyed. When the judge Abimelech destroyed the city of Shechem, he is said to have "sown salt on it," probably as a curse on anyone who would re-inhabit it (Judges 9:45). The Book of Job contains the first mention of salt as a condiment. "Can that which is unsavoury be eaten without salt? Or is there any taste in the white of an egg?" (Job 6:6). In the New Testament, six verses mention salt. In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus referred to his followers as the "salt of the earth".
The apostle Paul also encouraged Christians to "let your conversation be always full of grace, seasoned with salt" (Colossians 4:6). Salt is mandatory in the rite of the Tridentine Mass. Salt is used in the third item (which includes an Exorcism) of the Celtic Consecration (cf. Gallican Rite) that is employed in the consecration of a church. Salt may be added to the water "where it is customary" in the Roman Catholic rite of Holy water.
>>694309878
>Ammonia
>Bleach
All right, very well, okay...
>>694311431
That ducks I'm sorry
>>694319494
OH SHIT
>>694333343
tl;dr
>>694325078
If this planet ever wishes to gain pure transcendental harmony the following 5 things need to occur...
1. Abolish all religion.
2. Destroy any and all forms of non-master race
3. Repeal suffrage.
4. Put women back in the kitchen.
5. Destroy all LGBT&P.
If all of these directives come to fruition, master race will bask eternally in the perfection that racial purity shall bring. #masterracepurity
![matrix1[1].gif](https://cdn.randomarchive.com/b/image/1459/278/1459278759768.jpg "matrix1[1]")
